How to Configure an Offline YUM Repository in Linux
Setting up an offline YUM repository in Linux allows you to manage packages without internet connectivity. This guide covers configuring an offline YUM repository for RHEL 9 and Oracle Linux. Follow these steps to create and use a local repository with ISO files or DVDs.
1. Insert the DVD or Mount the ISO File
Insert the RHEL 9 installation DVD or mount the ISO file on your server. For virtual machines, go to the VM settings, navigate to Storage, and select the ISO file.
2. Mount the RHEL 9 ISO File / Installation DVD
Create a directory to mount the ISO file:
[root@dbdocs ~]# mkdir -p /media/cdrom
Mount the ISO file:
[root@dbdocs ~]# mount /dev/sr0 /media/cdrom
[root@dbdocs ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs 4.0M 0 4.0M 0% /dev
tmpfs 890M 0 890M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 356M 5.7M 351M 2% /run
/dev/mapper/rhel-root 17G 7.0G 11G 41% /
/dev/sda1 1014M 292M 723M 29% /boot
tmpfs 178M 108K 178M 1% /run/user/1000
/dev/sr0 9.0G 9.0G 0 100% /media/cdrom
tmpfs 178M 36K 178M 1% /run/user/0
[root@dbdocs ~]#
Alternatively, if the ISO file is on disk:
mount -o loop rhel-9.2-x86_64-dvd.iso /media/cdrom/
Copy the media.repo file from the mounted directory:
[root@dbdocs yum.repos.d]# cp /media/cdrom/media.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/
Rename and set permissions for the file:
[root@dbdocs yum.repos.d]# mv media.repo redhat9.2.repo
[root@dbdocs yum.repos.d]# chmod 644 redhat9.2.repo
Edit the redhat9.2.repo file with the following configuration:
[root@dbdocs yum.repos.d]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/redhat9.2.repo
[InstallMedia]
name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2.0
mediaid=None
metadata_expire=-1
gpgcheck=1
cost=500
enabled=1
baseurl=file:///media/cdrom/BaseOS/
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
[InstallMedia-AppStream]
name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2.0 - AppStream
metadata_expire=-1
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
baseurl=file:///media/cdrom/AppStream/
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
4. Clean Yum/DNF and Subscription Manager Cache
Clear the cache to ensure Yum/DNF operates correctly:
[root@dbdocs yum.repos.d]# dnf clean all
8 files removed
5. Verify Whether Yum/DNF is Successfully Retrieving Packages
Check if packages are being retrieved from the local repository:
[root@dbdocs yum.repos.d]# dnf repolist
repo id repo name
InstallMedia Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2.0
InstallMedia-AppStream Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2.0 - AppStream
[root@dbdocs yum.repos.d]# yum repolist
repo id repo name
InstallMedia Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2.0
InstallMedia-AppStream Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2.0 - AppStream
6. Install Packages Using the DNF/Yum Package Manager
To install a package, such as make, use the following command:
-- To check if the package is installed
[root@dbdocs yum.repos.d]# yum list installed make
Error: No matching Packages to list
-- To install the package
[root@dbdocs yum.repos.d]# yum install make
This will confirm that the local YUM/DNF repository is working correctly.
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