Oracle 19c Silent Installation on Linux
Introduction
Oracle 19c is one of the most popular database management systems used by enterprises worldwide. Installing Oracle 19c on Linux is a crucial task for DBAs, and the silent installation method is a convenient approach, especially for large-scale environments. In this article, we’ll walk through the steps to perform a silent installation of Oracle 19c on Linux. Silent installations help automate the process using response files, eliminating the need for GUI interaction. This tutorial covers how to prepare, execute, and verify the Oracle 19c silent installation on Linux.
Prerequisites
Before starting the Oracle 19c silent installation on Linux, ensure the following prerequisites are met:
- Linux distribution such as Oracle Linux, CentOS, or Red Hat Enterprise Linux
- Minimum 8 GB of RAM and 10 GB of swap space
- Ensure adequate disk space (approx. 45 GB)
- Linux packages required for Oracle installation (e.g., binutils, gcc, libaio, etc.)
- Set up Oracle environment variables (ORACLE_HOME, ORACLE_BASE, PATH)
- Create necessary user groups (oinstall, dba) and an Oracle user
If you need assistance with completing the prerequisites, please refer to theHow to Install Oracle Database 19c on Linux: Prerequisites and Installation Steps article for detailed guidance and revisit this article for next steps.
Oracle 19c Silent Installation
1. Using a Response File - Creating Response Files for Silent Installation
Oracle's silent installation relies on response files, which contain all the configuration information for the installation process. Here's how you create a response file for Oracle 19c installation on Linux:
# Navigate to the response file location within the Oracle installation files.
cd $ORACLE_HOME/response
# Open and modify the default response file.
vim db_install.rsp
In the response file, configure the following key parameters:
- oracle.install.option: INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
- ORACLE_HOSTNAME: Enter your hostname
- UNIX_GROUP_NAME: oinstall
- INVENTORY_LOCATION: /u01/app/oraInventory
- ORACLE_HOME: /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1
- ORACLE_BASE: /u01/app/oracle
- oracle.install.db.InstallEdition:EE
- oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP:dba
- oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP:dba
- oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP:dba
- oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP:dba
- oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP:dba
- SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT: false
- DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES: true
Once the response file is ready, use the following command to perform a silent installation of Oracle 19c:
cd $ORACLE_HOME
./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/install/response/db_install.rsp \
-ignorePrereq -waitforcompletion -showProgress
In this command:
- -silent: Runs the installation without a GUI
- -responseFile: Specifies the path to your response file
- -ignorePrereq: Ignores prerequisite checks
- -waitforcompletion: Waits for the installation to complete
- -showProgress: Displays the installation progress in the terminal
2. Using Command Line Overrides
Alternatively, you can use command line overrides for silent installation without needing to configure a response file.
cd $ORACLE_HOME
unzip -oq /path/software/LINUX.X64_190000_db_home.zip
./runInstaller -ignorePrereq -waitforcompletion -silent \
-responseFile ${ORACLE_HOME}/install/response/db_install.rsp \
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY \
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=${ORACLE_HOSTNAME} \
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall \
INVENTORY_LOCATION=${ORA_INVENTORY} \
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,en_GB \
ORACLE_HOME=${ORACLE_HOME} \
ORACLE_BASE=${ORACLE_BASE} \
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE \
oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=dba \
SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false \
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
Running Post-Installation Scripts
Once the silent installation is complete, Oracle will prompt you to run the root scripts. This is a necessary step to finalize the installation process. Execute the following commands as the root user:
# As root, run these commands:
/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1/root.sh
Creating an Oracle Database 19c in Silent Mode
1. Using a Response File
The Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA) allows for the creation of Oracle databases in silent mode using a response file. This method automates the process, enabling you to set parameters without GUI interaction.
To create a database using a response file, follow these steps:
A sample response file can be found at $ORACLE_HOME/assistants/dbca/dbca.rsp. Customize it to fit your database specifications. Key parameters include:
- gdbName: The global database name (e.g.,
myDB).
- sid: The System Identifier (e.g.,
MYDB).
- datafileDestination: Directory for data files (e.g.,
/u01/app/oracle/oradata).
- createAsContainerDatabase: Set to
true for a container database.
- createListener: Set to
true to create a listener automatically.
- characterSet: Specify the character set (e.g.,
AL32UTF8).
After editing your response file, run the command to begin the database creation process. Progress will be displayed in the terminal, and completion details will be available in the log file at:
# Execute the command to create the database using a prepared response file
dbca -silent -createDatabase -responseFile /path/to/dbca.rsp
/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/myDB/myDB.log
2. Using Command Line Overrides
An alternative to using a response file is to specify all parameters directly on the command line. This is particularly useful for quick setups or temporary databases.
# Create a new database with command line overrides
dbca -silent -createDatabase \
-templateName General_Purpose.dbc \
-gdbname cdb1 -sid cdb1 -responseFile NO_VALUE \
-characterSet AL32UTF8 \
-sysPassword OraPasswd1 \
-systemPassword OraPasswd1 \
-createAsContainerDatabase true \
-numberOfPDBs 1 \
-pdbName pdb1 \
-pdbAdminPassword OraPasswd1 \
-databaseType MULTIPURPOSE \
-memoryMgmtType auto_sga \
-totalMemory 2048 \
-storageType FS \
-datafileDestination "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/" \
-useOMF true \
-redoLogFileSize 500 \
-emConfiguration NONE \
-ignorePreReqs
In this command:
- -silent: Executes the command without GUI prompts.
- -gdbName: Sets the global database name.
- -sid: Sets the System Identifier.
- -createAsContainerDatabase: Defines if a container database should be created.
- -createListener: Automatically creates a listener.
- -datafileDestination: Specifies where data files will be stored.
- -characterSet: Designates the character set for the database.
- -sysPassword: Sets the password for the SYS user.
- -systemPassword: Sets the password for the SYSTEM user.
- -numberOfPDBs: Specifies the number of pluggable databases to create.
- -pdbName: The name of the pluggable database.
- -pdbAdminPassword: The password for the pluggable database administrator.
- -databaseType: Defines the database type (e.g., MULTIPURPOSE).
- -memoryMgmtType: Sets memory management type (e.g.,
auto_sga).
- -totalMemory: Total memory allocated for the database in MB.
- -redoLogFileSize: Specifies the size of redo log files in MB.
- -ignorePreReqs: Ignores prerequisite checks for the installation.
Upon executing this command, the database creation process will commence, and you can monitor progress in the terminal. Detailed logs will be available in:
/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/myDB/myDB.log
Conclusion
You have successfully performed a Oracle 19c Silent Installation on Linux server and created a database. Silent installations streamline the Oracle database setup process, making it easier to deploy across multiple environments without manual intervention. For further customization, you can modify additional parameters in the response file as per your requirements.